Policies and Approaches and Collective Co-authorship Statement
- Landscapes of Injustice is a community-engaged project, committed to working with Japanese Canadians, the people most affected by the dispossession, in the telling of this history. As part of the harms directed against Japanese Canadians in the 1940s, government officials and others developed euphemisms to obscure the real intent and impacts of their actions. These euphemisms have sometimes persisted in discussion of these events, perpetuating the wrongs of the policies themselves.Accordingly, we have worked with our Community Council to develop recommendations for the use of language within our project. While these recommendations are not intended to infringe upon academic freedom, they reflect the values of the project as a whole, as endorsed by the Executive and Steering Committees.We recommend that the following terms be avoided: “Evacuation” (and “Evacuees”) – used by government officials to describe the forced uprooting and internment of Japanese Canadians, it falsely implies that these processes protected Japanese Canadians. “Japanese,” when referring to Japanese Canadians – Canadians of Japanese ancestry, or Nikkei, should not be confused with the country of Japan or its residents. At the time of their uprooting from the coastal area of British Columbia, 75% of Nikkei were Canadian-born or naturalized Canadians. “Repatriation” – Sometimes used to refer to the exile of Japanese Canadians to Japan in 1946, this term falsely implies that the exiles originated in Japan. Our project is also committed to clarity of language with respect to the losses of property suffered by Japanese Canadians during the 1940s. We therefore recommend the following terms:
- Dispossession: referring to the range of processes that led to the loss of property, including theft, vandalism, neglect, and forced sales.
- Forced sales: referring to the government policy of selling the property of Japanese Canadians without their consent.
We recommend the following resources on this topic: Roy Miki, Redress: Inside the Japanese Canadian Call for Justice (Vancouver: Raincoast Books, 2004), especially chapter 2. Roger Daniels, “Words do Matter: A note on Inappropriate Terminology and the Incarceration of Japanese Americans” in Nikkei in the Pacific Northwest: Japanese Americans & Japanese Canadians in the Twentieth Century (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2005).
Collective Co-Authorship Statement
Landscapes of Injustice is a partnership project. Any published results of the project, including public presentations, reflect the collective work of many individuals as well as resources that emerged from collaboration. To acknowledge the centrality of collaboration in this project, publications and presentations by team members that make substantial use of project resources (benefitting from employee hours and project research materials) will normally include the Landscapes of Injustice Research Collective as a named co-author.*We adopt this collective co-authorship convention, while acknowledging that the analysis and opinions expressed in any publication or presentation by a team member reflects his/her intellectual freedom. It cannot be vetoed or censored by any other member of the team, including the project executive. Published work and presentations represent the views and opinions of the named authors and not those of the project as a whole.* note: this policy does not include student theses completed in fulfillment of degree requirements. In this case, Landscapes of Injustice will not be named as a co-author, but should be explicitly acknowledged.
The Landscapes of Injustice Research Collective Includes
Aagesen, Sonja – Simon Fraser University
Abe, Natsuki – University of Victoria
Adams, Eric – University of Alberta
Ali, Amber – University of Winnipeg
Archibald, William – University of Victoria
Arneil, Stewart – University of Victoria
Bacca-Gondia, Eglantina – Ryerson University
Ballin, Jonathan – University of Victoria
Beardsley, Richard – Richmond School District 38
Best, Leah – Royal BC Museum
Blomley, Nicholas – Simon Fraser University
Brendle-Moczuk, Daniel – University of Victoria
Bridge, Kathryn – Royal BC Museum
Cartwright, Alissa – University of Victoria
Chalaturnyk, Lauren – University of Alberta
Chan, Erin – University of Victoria
Clare, Jacqueline – University of Victoria
Cooper, Scott – Royal BC Museum
Elsworthy, Tess – McGill University
Etorma, Erl – Queen’s University
Findlay, Kaitlin – University of Victoria
Fitterer, Sarah – University of Victoria
Fitzgerald, Kyla – University of Victoria
Fong, Alicia – Ryerson University
Freund, Alexander – University of Winnipeg
Fuhrman, Sydney – University of Victoria
Fujita, Elizabeth – Japanese Canadian Cultural Centre
Geiger, Andrea – Simon Fraser University
Gillard, Yoriko – University of British Columbia
Gooding, Anna – University of British Columbia
Gray, Josephine – University of Victoria
Guthrie-Shimizu, Sayuri – OAH/JAAS Historians’ Collaborative Committee
Haisell, Camille – University of Victoria
Hardbattle, Melanie – Simon Fraser University
Harlos, Rylee – University of Victoria
Harris, Douglas – University of British Columbia
Hayes, Erin – Selkirk Montessori School
Hayes, Nathaniel – University of Victoria
Holmes, Martin – University of Victoria
Hur, Peter – Ryerson University
Hurworth, Kirsten – University of Victoria
Ishiguro, Laura – University of British Columbia
Isozaki, Kara – University of Toronto
Ito, Momoko – Vancouver Japanese Language School & Japanese Hall
Jacobson, Lindsey – University of Victoria
Jorgensen, Kip – University of Victoria
Kadir, Aynur -Simon Fraser University
Kajiwara, Sherri – Nikkei National Museum & Cultural Centre
Kato, Naoko – University of British Columbia
Kipp, Joyce – Surrey School District 36
Kluckner, Michael – Writer, artist
Kobayashi, Audrey – Queen’s University
Koebel, Alisa – University of British Columbia
Kostrich, Adam – University of Victoria
Kusaka, Elena – Ryerson University
Labove, Joshua – Simon Fraser University
Landrey, Jennifer – University of Victoria
Lansdowne, Helen – Centre for Asia-Pacific Initiatives, Uvic
Lutz, John – University of Victoria
Lyall, Gordon – University of Victoria
Madgin, Rebecca – University of Glasgow
Madokoro, Laura – McGill University
Marks, Lindy – University of Victoria
Masuda, Jeffrey – Queen’s University
McGarrity, Lane – University of Victoria
McLaren, John – University of Victoria
McLean, Hugh – City of Vancouver
Merriam, Ariel – University of Victoria
Miyanaga, Greg – Smiling Creek Elementary School
Moreland, Jackson – Queen’s University
Murakami, Susan – Ecole Simon Cunningham
Murray, Galen – University of Victoria
Nagata, Lorene – Japanese Canadian Cultural Centre
Niwayama, Yuukichi – Chuo University
Oikawa, Lorene – National Association of Japanese Canadians
Okawa, Eiji – University of British Columbia
Orr, Kelly – Land Title and Survey Authority of BC
Otto, Robyn – University of Winnipeg
Owen, Brian – Simon Fraser University
Parhar, Manjot – University of Alberta
Pekic, Alexander – Ryerson University
Rachmat, Hikari – University of British Columbia
Railton, Yasmin – University of Victoria
Read, Heather – Ryerson University
Reilly, Nolan – University of Winnipeg
Robinson, Greg – Université du Québec à Montréal
Romano, Samantha – Simon Fraser University
Rose-Redwood, Reuben – University of Victoria
Roy, Patricia – University of Victoria
Rzeplinski, Esther – Simon Fraser University
Sager, Eric – University of Victoria
Saimoto, Laura – Vancouver Japanese Language School & Japanese Hall
Salas, Rebeca – Simon Fraser University
Schwinghamer, Steve – Canadian Museum of Immigration at Pier 21
Stanger-Ross, Jordan – University of Victoria
Stormonth, Liam – Ryerson University
Sugiman, Pamela – Ryerson University
Sugiman, Momoye – Ryerson University
Sugrue, Thomas – Urban History Association
Takahashi, Koki – Kagawa University
Takai, Yukari – University of Windsor
Takasaki, Theressa – Japanese Canadian Cultural Centre
Tam, Christopher – University of British Columbia
Tinsley, Mikayla – University of British Columbia
Ulysses, Monique – University of Victoria
Uyeda, Lisa – Nikkei National Museum
Vallianatos, Mary Anne – University of Victoria
van Es – University of Victoria
Walker, Jim – University of Waterloo
Weary, Rachel – University of Alberta
Whittingham, Mike – J. N. Burnett Secondary School
Wideman, Trevor – Simon Fraser University
Willmott, Rebecca – University of Victoria
Yakashiro, Nicole – University of Toronto
Yaremko, Erin – University of Winnipeg
Zucchi, John – McGill University